簡單摘要

暴露在高溫環境蝦引發的熱應激是亞熱帶地區家禽面臨的主要健康問題之一，嚴重影響其健康與生產性能。本研究旨在評估飼糧中添加三丁酸甘油酯對羽雞在周期性熱應激（CHS）條件下生長性能、肉質、肌肉氧化狀態及腸道菌群的影響。結果表明，周期性熱應激顯著降低了生長性能并損害肉質，而飼糧中添加三丁酸甘油酯可部分緩解熱應激對這些指標的負面影響。此外，三丁酸甘油酯通過增強肌肉抗氧化能力改善肉質，這一作用被認為與激活Nrf2信號通路相關。這些發現為開發羽雞抗熱應激飼料添加劑提供了重要依據。 

摘要

熱應激對家禽生產性能和肉質質量產生不利影響，導致經濟損失。本研究旨在探討添加三丁酸甘油酯對肉雞在周期性熱應激（CHS）條件下生長性能、肉質質量、肌肉氧化狀態及腸道菌群的影響。實驗采用120日齡泰和烏骨雞（公雞）隨機分為六組進行飼喂處理，包括正常對照組(NC，飼喂基礎飼料）、熱應激對照組(HS，飼喂基礎飼料），以及分別添加0.04%、0.08%、0.16%和0.32%三丁酸甘油酯的HS對照組。NC組飼養溫度維持在24±1℃，而HS組則暴露于34±1℃環境，每日8小時持續4周。結果顯示，CHS顯著降低了肉雞的生長性能并損害肉質（p＜0.05）。然而，添加三丁酸甘油酯可改善CHS暴露肉雞的增重（ADG）和飼料轉化率（FCR）（p＜0.05）。此外，三丁酸甘油酯顯著提高CHS暴露肉雞肉質的剪切力值和谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶活性，同時顯著降低胸肌滴失量、乙醚提取物含量和丙二醛（MDA）含量（p＜0.05）。進一步研究發現，補充三丁酸甘油酯上調CHS暴露肉雞胸肌中Nrf2、NQO1、HO-1、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶的mRNA表達量（p＜0.05）。基于這些積極效果，研究進一步深入探討了0.16%三丁酸甘油酯（HS+0.16%T）對盲腸菌群的影響。與HS處理組相比，HS+0.16%T處理組的Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group相對豐度顯著增加（p＜0.05），乳桿菌豐度也呈現上升趨勢（p = 0.096）。研究結果表明，該三丁酸甘油酯成功提升了泰和烏骨雞的生長性能和肉質。此外，0.16%濃度的三丁酸甘油酯通過增強肌肉抗氧化能力顯著改善了肉質，這一效果被認為與Nrf2信號通路的激活密切相關。

關鍵詞：周期性熱應激；泰和烏骨雞；三丁酸甘油酯；生長性能；肉質

Simple Summary

High ambient temperature exposure-induced heat stress is one of the major problems in subtropical regions, severely affecting poultry health and production. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary tributyrin supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, muscle oxidative status, and gut microbiota in Taihe silky fowls under cyclic heat stress (CHS) conditions. The results demonstrated that CHS remarkably reduced growth performance and impaired meat quality, while dietary tributyrin supplementation partially alleviated the adverse effects of CHS on these parameters. Additionally, tributyrin supplementation improved meat quality by enhancing muscle antioxidant capacity, which is believed to be associated with activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. These findings are useful for the development of anti-heat stress feed additives in Taihe silky fowls.

Abstract

Heat stress adversely affects poultry production and meat quality, leading to economic losses. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding tributyrin on growth performance, meat quality, muscle oxidative status, and gut microbiota of Taihe silky fowls under cyclic heat stress (CHS) conditions. In this study, 120-day-old Taihe silky fowls (male) were randomly divided into six dietary treatments. These treatments included a normal control treatment (NC, fed a basal diet), a heat stress control treatment (HS, fed a basal diet), and HS control treatments supplemented with 0.04%,0.08%, 0.16%, and 0.32% tributyrin, respectively. The NC treatment group was kept at 24±1℃,while the HS treatment birds were exposed to 34 ±1℃ for 8 h/d for 4 weeks. Results showed that CHS decreased growth performance and compromised the meat quality of broilers (p< 0.05).However, tributyrin supplementation improved ADG and FCR in broilers exposed to CHS (p< 0.05).Additionally, tributyrin supplementation resulted in increased shear force value and GSH-Px activity,as well as a decrease in drip loss, ether extract content, and MDA content of the breast muscle in broilers under CHS (p<0.05). Furthermore, tributyrin supplementation up-regulated the mRNA expressions of Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, SOD, and GSH-Px of the breast muscle in broilers exposed to CHS (p<0.05). Based on these positive effects, the study delved deeper to investigate the impact of 0.16% tributyrin supplementation (HS+0.16%T) on the cecum microbiota. The HS+0.16%T treatment showed an increase in the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group (p< 0.05) and a trend towards an increase in Lactobacillus (p= 0.096) compared to the HS treatment. The results indicate that supplementation successfully improved the growth performance and meat quality of Taihe silky fowls. Furthermore, tributyrin supplementation, particularly at levels of 0.16%, improved meat quality by enhancing muscle antioxidant capacity, which is believed to be associated with activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Keywords: cyclic heat stress; Taihe silky fowls; tributyrin; growth performance; meat quality.

翻譯:伏曉曉

原文：Chen C, Qu M, Li G, et al. Dietary tributyrin improves growth performance, meat quality, muscle oxidative status, and gut microbiota in Taihe silky fowls under Cyclic heat stress[J]. Animals, 2024, 14(20): 3041.

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